tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83346524339120826242024-02-07T11:25:13.193-08:00Liberty Tree Blog"The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants"
- Thomas JeffersonRod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-48427955297210050632012-09-05T17:10:00.000-07:002012-09-06T09:38:56.554-07:00Bobcat: Kid friendly modificationsSo now you have your Bobcat all set up on your medium ALICE pack; and you're wondering, how can this work for one of my kids? The following pics are of my Bobcat conversion on a USMC radio pack which is nothing more than a slightly enhanced ALICE medium pack.<br />
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Because children have narrower shoulders, the following mods will make the pack very usable and easy to carry for pre-adolecents and smaller children. The Bobcat then becomes an excellent low cost, bullet proof pack for for both cub scouts and girl scouts.</div>
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First thing to do is read my Bobcat modifications in my earlier post. <a href="http://libertytreeblogs.blogspot.com/2011/05/frameless-alice-modification-bobcat_05.html" target="_blank">Frameless ALICE Modification: "Bobcat"</a> Use all modifications, except substitute the LC2 shoulder straps with LC1; and add a small sternum strap that can be purchased at stores such as REI and Campmor etc.</div>
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The next pic is a set of LC2 straps so you can see the difference between the LC1.</div>
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So, we start with a set of LC1 straps and a sternum strap; I purchased the sternum strap at REI. Notice the shape and position of the straps. The slight angular shape and the padded portion oriented to the top. This is the correct position of the LC1 straps and is how they should be attached to the ALICE pack.</div>
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Undo the quick release on one of the straps and separate the upper and lower portions. Do the same for both straps.</div>
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Next, slip one end of the sternum strap over the web portion of the shoulder strap. </div>
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Reassemble the quick release, sliding the top of the lower strap portion under the loop of the sternum strap. Look at the pic closely if this seems confusing.</div>
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Snap the outer tab down; and then repeat the assembly for the other side.</div>
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Now you have a kid friendly Bobcat that will hopefully provide many years of enjoyable hiking and camping for your entire family; pack or troop.</div>
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The following pics are of my three sons about three years ago. My youngest was eight at the time and the pic shows he is easily utilizing the Bobcat with the addition of a MSS attached to the bottom. My older boys were eleven and thirteen and had graduated to Hellcats. The kid friendly mods help younger children pack much heavier loads than the standard day packs will accommodate. </div>
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For any one who wants to outfit their family on a budget; the Bobcat and Hellcat are hard to beat; you can start young and let the system take them into adulthood. Happy trails.</div>
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Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-27849159456756464302011-11-08T23:12:00.000-08:002013-04-09T19:57:03.926-07:00Breaking Down Ruger's New Polymer GSR Magazines<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Ruger finally introduced it's much anticipated polymer magazine for it's popular Gunsite Scout Rifle in mid to late October. Once on sale at the Ruger web store I ordered one each of the 3 round, 5 round, 10 round magazines. They arrived last week, which has given me some time to evaluate them; and to also read criticisms posted on various forums. </div>
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At first glance they appear to be well made and thought out. I noted they were of similar quality and build of a PMag with familiar appointments. The 20 round Pmag is to the far right.</div>
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Ruger Mag with dust cover attached</div>
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Side by side of Ruger mag and PMag floor plate with familiar latch location</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2nsUMtstIqL71fyIfoscW3H6QDw0TQ4zCvJtcpbtbLdUzxwYsh8p3H7WabxJs31yayv3MlUi7VEj80-69i9AtWFEcEh-p1oPySyxN0bbjCBm99qqBnmMIgqZlI6kkTjDithWI4s7LaYM5/s1600/ruger%253Apmag.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2nsUMtstIqL71fyIfoscW3H6QDw0TQ4zCvJtcpbtbLdUzxwYsh8p3H7WabxJs31yayv3MlUi7VEj80-69i9AtWFEcEh-p1oPySyxN0bbjCBm99qqBnmMIgqZlI6kkTjDithWI4s7LaYM5/s320/ruger%253Apmag.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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I immediately took the 3 round magazine and began to load it with mil surp ammo. The first thing that struck me was how easy the magazines were to load. Each round, from first to last slipped in with very little effort. The experience was unlike using the steel magazines, which take considerable effort, and utterances of explicatives which I will not pen here. At first, I thought it must be the 3 round magazine; to my delight the 5 and 10 round magazines loaded with similar ease.</div>
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Inserting the magazines into the mag well met with familiar exercise I find with all polymer mags. As expected, I found the polymer magazine was much handier and required less manipulation to engage the well opening than the steel counterparts. I did notice the 5 and 10 round magazines required a slight "pop" with the palm of the hand to seat properly; but this is not an uncommon occurrence for anyone who has used PMags or other polymer AR15 magazines. Removal of the magazines met with little resistance; the 5 and 10 rounders dropped effortlessly. The 3 round magazine did require manual removal due to its lighter weight and not wanting fall out freely. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3EmeGDHU13_O1yLctdd2oGTBpBqbjVaaPr3RvuGe3Lsd27vNmw976UiZJ4VP4xW29E8WSD4BYi-haxf_JNlmU56JeMWl0vSy19_-HtqlSqbcUA98xyQaQt8rFpcaAqgaOGLbKrci3WnMZ/s1600/GSRmagmarks.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3EmeGDHU13_O1yLctdd2oGTBpBqbjVaaPr3RvuGe3Lsd27vNmw976UiZJ4VP4xW29E8WSD4BYi-haxf_JNlmU56JeMWl0vSy19_-HtqlSqbcUA98xyQaQt8rFpcaAqgaOGLbKrci3WnMZ/s320/GSRmagmarks.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Close inspection the 5 and 10 round magazines revealed slight indentations running the length of the feed lips. This in my opinion was of no consequence. It is merely where the feed lips came in contact with the receiver rails at the top of the mag well. If you find it unsightly a little emory paper will smooth it down. No different than any other poly mag I have ever used.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-rz4tRwv7tTjKgfUDSiZCe6I111QlkJj7FM71u32eItZSf1msa5b_Gw85GIz9tNkZmA-gY1AguwwjK10b3CGfNq2OKBNftHLJL_uzkod7-gZFALSfEFCgb9HD9SoRQ7KfguHjen45LliV/s1600/topload.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-rz4tRwv7tTjKgfUDSiZCe6I111QlkJj7FM71u32eItZSf1msa5b_Gw85GIz9tNkZmA-gY1AguwwjK10b3CGfNq2OKBNftHLJL_uzkod7-gZFALSfEFCgb9HD9SoRQ7KfguHjen45LliV/s320/topload.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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One pleasant surprise was the ability to top load the rifle with the magazine engaged. The feed lips have a slight inner camfor that allow the cartridges to be loaded from the top; thus addressing an early criticism of Ruger's decision to use the AI magazine system: </div>
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"Not being able to top off the magazine while engaged in the rifle." </div>
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Cycling the bolt proved to be much smoother and I did not encounter any rounds hanging at the feed ramp as I did with the steel magazines. These three things alone are a vast improvement over the steel magazines.</div>
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Taking a look at the magazines side by side with their steel counter parts also revealed a few surprises.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbE0iYlcP4Goj_dvBSaDKGfJNtZB0bAieqMQp5_r0rCuNHSai6kdoeVr2ZbYOOMQw71i2buRepgwhdCaZdJARa8iEZV16paVO24CFr6czuc93HARVZE2b3VGrZNebNjG_jMWFECRpMfRrl/s1600/sidexside.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbE0iYlcP4Goj_dvBSaDKGfJNtZB0bAieqMQp5_r0rCuNHSai6kdoeVr2ZbYOOMQw71i2buRepgwhdCaZdJARa8iEZV16paVO24CFr6czuc93HARVZE2b3VGrZNebNjG_jMWFECRpMfRrl/s320/sidexside.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Obviously the 3 round magazine has a much lower profile than any of the others; the surprise came with the 5 and 10 round magazines. The 5 round poly magazine is actually taller than the the 5 round steel and the 10 round poly was surprisingly shorter than the 10 round steel. I was also a bit taken back as to the weight difference between the steel and polymer magazines. If I had thought about it before hand it should have been no surprise; but on comparison it was quite revealing.</div>
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* Ruger poly mags measured w/o the dust cover</div>
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From the chart above you can see that both the 5 and 10 round poly magazines are less than 50% of the weight of the steel magazines. However, the 5 round poly magazine is slightly larger in profile than the 5 round steel; and the 10 round poly is 1 inch shorter than the steel. So, no improvement on the 5 round poly profile but a significant improvement on weight. Double so with the 10 round poly magazine.</div>
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The next few pics compare the Ruger GSR with the poly and steel magazines. I like the look of the poly magazines better than the steel. But beauty is in the eye of the beholder.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQcCS7llViIvglA7k5desAoCo_8j5t7KLbt3T1N4GkFpZ8QxqZWfDUqJL6QigIgwLSLxgFaWRlq0bytXRSkkjK_tgPAzIfnoghGwzHhL0t2V78VvC8QRXdPY2DTXl2v2ytmINZyDQEVyJ9/s1600/GSRp3rd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQcCS7llViIvglA7k5desAoCo_8j5t7KLbt3T1N4GkFpZ8QxqZWfDUqJL6QigIgwLSLxgFaWRlq0bytXRSkkjK_tgPAzIfnoghGwzHhL0t2V78VvC8QRXdPY2DTXl2v2ytmINZyDQEVyJ9/s320/GSRp3rd.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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GSR with 3 rd Ruger poly</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie7_m4JQ5kdO3OgHRgGbP8V9cbfQn227uehzATjlZtydTI_T5TeQORy3QD65nno0-Vfixqo20IdOXD-GOVbCkpQbzbMv45sBuy1oQPU9A-Xca5OYTHJ01AUaX1fT-uI0HCEXyAQWtlMvR6/s1600/GSRp5rd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie7_m4JQ5kdO3OgHRgGbP8V9cbfQn227uehzATjlZtydTI_T5TeQORy3QD65nno0-Vfixqo20IdOXD-GOVbCkpQbzbMv45sBuy1oQPU9A-Xca5OYTHJ01AUaX1fT-uI0HCEXyAQWtlMvR6/s320/GSRp5rd.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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GSR with 5 rd Ruger poly</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheLQNo7bBSLEv25flHGbPnNyn-2NIbBWjSkIwF2yMH16D7tnVs4mohXX0PCF_lHz1XlBNe7fqPLrchLvIFn7tLG5v_l4xLJF76Q2_pQCIOiLnnp16hECLWXEYC4eBnA2HV9w36NVBGXtm1/s1600/GSRs5rd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheLQNo7bBSLEv25flHGbPnNyn-2NIbBWjSkIwF2yMH16D7tnVs4mohXX0PCF_lHz1XlBNe7fqPLrchLvIFn7tLG5v_l4xLJF76Q2_pQCIOiLnnp16hECLWXEYC4eBnA2HV9w36NVBGXtm1/s320/GSRs5rd.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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GSR with 5 rd Ruger steel</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg29iiCuGffJkPOYg9IQCYEr_44ZWU7Vvcn8qiqUKIREOCnN75Fj8HY7qeCYvib0AxHen9SxjLAwfpFIwN8SsW83huAlqe_OQ8cYrC4LFOP88km9mMb7fuVqqrRN7UXyshlrF5dmpX244_5/s1600/GSRp10rd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg29iiCuGffJkPOYg9IQCYEr_44ZWU7Vvcn8qiqUKIREOCnN75Fj8HY7qeCYvib0AxHen9SxjLAwfpFIwN8SsW83huAlqe_OQ8cYrC4LFOP88km9mMb7fuVqqrRN7UXyshlrF5dmpX244_5/s320/GSRp10rd.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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GSR with 10 rd Ruger poly</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-oTgAIu5pXYLpBGr1fPOSVLofKqfFPml00Y9BNERgbxzwteoZe0W8Rmt7FUE-ff3l01T7sTGKJTKowNeDiJ9__va81MeIgK-07cfjVDhaLxAJWLNdxS8XXk8BFf_DLMMp74yGuNYv6QR2/s1600/GSRs10rd.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-oTgAIu5pXYLpBGr1fPOSVLofKqfFPml00Y9BNERgbxzwteoZe0W8Rmt7FUE-ff3l01T7sTGKJTKowNeDiJ9__va81MeIgK-07cfjVDhaLxAJWLNdxS8XXk8BFf_DLMMp74yGuNYv6QR2/s320/GSRs10rd.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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GSR with 10 rd Ruger steel</div>
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The last thing that I did was to disassemble the Ruger poly magazine. The steel magazine is a hit and miss when it comes to disassembly. Both my Ruger steel mags require quite a bit of muscle and one always runs the risk of either personal injury or damaging the magazine; both being distasteful. </div>
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Disassembly was very simple and did not require anything more than a pencil, pen, small stick or bullet tip. Anything that will depress the latch in the center of the floor plate.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhchVOJ3IW8FlvaG5yId1wjnWXVKlV_FgqAbon8AfrXHBq0LgA8Lv1hC1Tp07hxXAIMfzJa3KV_AstDwkSzFmGPlKYuyU-XitMkWlxRHokZURqpGp9_nsBTuGApQLicp51ePZ0iITyaDnOG/s1600/floor.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhchVOJ3IW8FlvaG5yId1wjnWXVKlV_FgqAbon8AfrXHBq0LgA8Lv1hC1Tp07hxXAIMfzJa3KV_AstDwkSzFmGPlKYuyU-XitMkWlxRHokZURqpGp9_nsBTuGApQLicp51ePZ0iITyaDnOG/s320/floor.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Once depressed the floor plate slides off easily and reveals three inner parts: follower; spring, and base. All three are easily detached from one another for cleaning; repair or replacement.</div>
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3 rd mag disassembled</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoIbtBmvzNBuQ0jNqxxp87xJ18T7H7cqSHB4HpccPpN0Fmc74-JZsYu9w2C3qmx5UVExjmemRR2B3bZu6jPPyhKKl0M2EllhAsqQ0f41C3e4_MnZKuGqMfC4LTTVadRI_OYNPmx89NjV9S/s1600/inner1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoIbtBmvzNBuQ0jNqxxp87xJ18T7H7cqSHB4HpccPpN0Fmc74-JZsYu9w2C3qmx5UVExjmemRR2B3bZu6jPPyhKKl0M2EllhAsqQ0f41C3e4_MnZKuGqMfC4LTTVadRI_OYNPmx89NjV9S/s320/inner1.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Spring assembly</div>
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Spring, follower and base</div>
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From my vantage point I believe the Ruger polymer magazine offers significant improvement over the steel magazines. They offer a lot of positives and I really can't find a negative at this point.</div>
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Pros</div>
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lighter</div>
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easier to load cartridges</div>
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easier to engage</div>
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offers top loading</div>
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smoother bolt operation</div>
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simple to disassemble</div>
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I guess I'll have to run the magazines for a while to find any. I'm sure something will raise up; if and when it dose I'll post a follow up with close examination.</div>
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I believe Ruger has a winner magazine that is every bit as well thought out as the rifle it is mated to. Nothing is perfect, but right now I can find no fault. BTW, did I mention the the new magazine is less expensive than the steel mags. $39.95. About 30% less than steel. There are a number things that are "lesser" with the Ruger poly magazine but in this case ........... less is more.</div>
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<b>UPDATE</b></div>
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Top loading the new Ruger polymer magazine is officially sanctioned by Ruger Firearms. The following is a link to videos found on the Ruger website. They are informative and may clear up any misconceptions or concerns regarding function and durability. I would caution exclusively loading the magazine from the top. Limit top loading only when the magazine is in the rifle and needs to be "topped off" with one or two rounds. This will reduce premature wear on the feed lips(this comes on good authority from within Ruger)</div>
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<a href="http://www.ruger.com/products/gunsiteScoutRifle/extras.html" target="_blank">Ruger Polymer Mag Features</a></div>
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UPDATE: December 20, 2011</div>
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After using the magazines since I first published this article; there appears to be some failure to feed problems primarily with the 5 and 10 round magazines. Several forum members on <a href="http://www.scoutrifle.org/index.php?topic=1493.0" target="_blank">scoutrifle.org</a> have reported rounds not engaging the bolt face and jamming/failing to feed into the chamber. I'll admit I had yet to use my 10 round magazine fully loaded; so I pulled it out, topped it off, and stated to cycle rounds and began to experience the same issues. </div>
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When cycling the bolt the first 2 or 3 rounds chambered without problems; however, getting further into the magazine I began experiencing the same issues others were having. When the bolt was cycling I noticed the face would would miss the base of the round completely or would barely catch the rim and would cause the cartridge to swing slightly off axis and jam at the mouth of the chamber. The steel mags do not appear to cause the same failure to feed.</div>
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So, I recalled an observation I made in my initial examination of the Ruger Poly mags. If you read my above article you will notice a pic of marks made on the feed lips of the poly mag. They are caused by contact with the rails in the mag well. </div>
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At the time I felt it would be of no consequence; however I did think in the back of my mind that the mags had the potential of not fully engaging all the way into the mag well and not allowing the bolt to engage the base of the cartridge properly. Since the rounds cycled without issue in my initial test I thought no more of; until others started experiencing FTT's. As I stated above, I pulled my 10 round mag and found the same FTT's the others were having. </div>
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What now you ask? </div>
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For me the solution was, and is simple. Just remove a little material from the outside of the feed lips so the magazine engages the mag well properly. I went to my garage and got a small section of 150 grit sand paper and a sanding block; and then carefully sanded the marks away on both feed lips. No surprise to me, the FTT's went away. </div>
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Hopefully Ruger will be addressing the FTT issue and come up with a resolution. For now, a little sand paper will take away the excess material, but many gun owners will not be comfortable altering the magazine in this manner and it may void the warranty. Like I promised I'll keep this post updated as I gain more info and solutions.</div>
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UPDATE: April 9, 2013</div>
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A lot has happened since my last post on this subject. First Ruger has increased the strength of the follower spring to address feeding issues. This has been well received by the GSR community. Magazines seem to function without jamming as first reported. Second, It was discovered shortly after I made my initial post that the magazine latch on the GSR shares similar dimensions with the Mini 14 magazine latch. It appears(per Ruger) that a undisclosed number of Mini 14 latches were installed on the GSR during early production; which may have contributed to some of the FTF problems with the polymer magazines. This has been addressed by Ruger and fixed. If you have FTF's still please contact Ruger with the rifle S/N to see if it falls into this category. I have had nothing but positive things to say about Rugers customer service; it is one of the best in the industry.</div>
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Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-89478232053212566902011-05-19T14:45:00.000-07:002011-05-19T14:45:17.460-07:00My Ruger Scout Rifle Saga Part 1<div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Let me first say that I really like Ruger's version of the scout rifle. I believe it has loads of potential and none of my criticisms or dislikes prevented me from purchasing it. I did have several concerns at first; but felt they would be a simple fix. It wan't until I began literally using and taking the rifle apart, that I realized that Ruger really droped the ball on several features. So I'll begin by highlighting the features I like, followed by my indifferences and my truly dislikes.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">First, this is the rifle we all start with. I have put a Burris 1.5x scout scope in the forward position. I really wish Burris still offered this scope because there is a lot to like about it; but thats for another post.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The first thing I'll mention is the barrel. I really like the stepped, medium contour. I believe this accounts for the rifles excellent out of the box accuracy that most of us have been experiencing. Whether you like the shorter 16.5" or longer 18" lengths; they both benefit from the rigidity and decreased vibration the barrel affords. This, in my opinion is a positve. The following is a target shot by my oldest son at 50yds, using surplus 150 gr Chilean ammo. Four shots can be covered with a dime; the fifth shot is in the xring. I'll be taking the rifle out this weekend to dial it in a little closer. The GSR is definately a 1 moa shooter.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The open sights are another good feature not found on other bolt action rifles; the Ruger sights are robust and certainly do the job well. Opinions may differ on whether these are the best; however, at the least they are more than adequate and not offered in this good of quality, on any production BA rifle that I know of.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Integral receiver scope mounts. Many opinions vary regarding how dated Rugers scope mounts are; however, they do provide a set of rings with the rifle, so for me it is a moot point. Just gives the shooter additional options regarding the location of optical sights.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The scout rail is another feature I really like. Ruger did a good thing by not making it a permanent attachment. XS Sights has a lot of options for the shooter, including a full length picatinny rail that hopefully will be available soon. This will allow for many more sighting options in the future.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Threaded barrel. Man, am I glad for this. If I'm stuck with a flash hider, it allows me to put what ever compensator I desire on the business end of the rifle. If you are inclined, a "can" is possible.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">AICS "standard" magazines. This was in my opinion, one of the best engineering decisions Ruger made, second to the stepped, medium contour barrel. The AICS standard is proven and almost flawless. The magazines are more expensive; but when your life depends on it, I can't fault the decision. I don't care for the single stack ten round magazine; but, it is easily fixed by a five round magazine. I wish they had provided the five rounder with the rifle, and the ten round magazine as an option. But no big deal. I purchased two five rounders, and am glad I have at least one ten rounder.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I personally think the five rounder is a better choice for the rifleman. It dosen't get in the way, and just looks better.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCaPR9KVGF5GuUJWo6q9UbIxwt1noJYqhBmM-Vdn0UG_jq7qCCpduMFrjWhT5eyzdtYoxaaMLTO0pp2zuZpyFIdcxF3U_8DN9eChFrcUZaKThfWfi0r-QwmGCyv5CTa59jYZwxcYx8I0Xp/s1600/rgsr13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCaPR9KVGF5GuUJWo6q9UbIxwt1noJYqhBmM-Vdn0UG_jq7qCCpduMFrjWhT5eyzdtYoxaaMLTO0pp2zuZpyFIdcxF3U_8DN9eChFrcUZaKThfWfi0r-QwmGCyv5CTa59jYZwxcYx8I0Xp/s320/rgsr13.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Now it's on to my indifferences. First, is the laminated stock. I like laminated stocks; however, for a scout rifle, it adds additional weight. A synthetic stock would have been a better choice; but knowing Ruger, they would have made it black with a big block "Ruger" molded into the stock. Given the options, I'd rather have the laminate. </div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Swivel studs. I hate these things! They are noisy, move around, and never stay real tight. But, they have become a industry "standard", and no one can get away from them.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">the studs will be replaced.........</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">by a set of these.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVTUbmWfbJdtv0R8XXn906ja-_CoRTo5Qh_BkcTkn_Up1ZicqvPPvHKGqCSWZW9HKuD1kfx7PcYgdMz9XZwlPkbe61rJswPGcCLbxNp-0jhBX9F0_C51oLoYcLabd3kBH5fT3YpTa1kZnB/s1600/rgsr10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVTUbmWfbJdtv0R8XXn906ja-_CoRTo5Qh_BkcTkn_Up1ZicqvPPvHKGqCSWZW9HKuD1kfx7PcYgdMz9XZwlPkbe61rJswPGcCLbxNp-0jhBX9F0_C51oLoYcLabd3kBH5fT3YpTa1kZnB/s320/rgsr10.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Mauser type sling swivels are hard to beat; and since I have no use for a bipod, they make for a sturdier platform for "practical" sling use. YMMV</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Plastic/polymer trigger group and magazine well.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgohZ7kQYfYlsIt-7P3O3IX2kjCEUL6MAgDFN829kj5ZL7HLWcEJHdKscQJQsIcdx30znfvt5ctp1-LCs8Cv6vJ_5lQkOJ30zf3C4vpBY3AehB_bCckb2B6pgxMjdQ-1UZHGqEFL_mYKQ3U/s1600/rgsr6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgohZ7kQYfYlsIt-7P3O3IX2kjCEUL6MAgDFN829kj5ZL7HLWcEJHdKscQJQsIcdx30znfvt5ctp1-LCs8Cv6vJ_5lQkOJ30zf3C4vpBY3AehB_bCckb2B6pgxMjdQ-1UZHGqEFL_mYKQ3U/s320/rgsr6.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I'm really indifferent on this. Polymers are used on all kinds of hard use firearms and have stood the test of time. Ruger has demonstrated they are pretty good with polymers; and the use of them in this application saves on weight. To me, it is a good thing and not a big deal on a practical rifle.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Now on to my dislikes and where I think Ruger really dropped the ball.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Flash hider. What a useless accessory for a practical rifle. Cooper had no use for them; I have no use for them; and if a scout rifle is designed to be stealthy, a flash hider is the last thing you need on the end of your barrel. On this board my next statement is bold, but I believe it has merit. Name one "A List", bolt action sniper rifle system that has a pure flash hider on it? Can't name it? I can't either. They may have a compensator or a compensator/flash hider; but none that are worth a darnn with a straight flash hider. Yeah I know some gas operated systems may have them but by and large they use a compensator or nothing at all. Flash hiders will do nothing but give away your position. Flash hiders were designed to help the shooter, by reducing the flash signature in order to minimize night blindness. The downside is they kick up one heck of a dust signature. Thank goodness Ruger put a threaded barrel on the end instead of the thing being pinned. So, being of the practical mind ..........</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I went from the tacticool POS ..........</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh9RrauK9SDBeeWWqs2P3W5hJBi30MwZBsJ6KPZiuZHFWFSFYsQFVxMGb_PxNGptxovApSApRXzjkYix5pqoQ6VWW17dDyLbTXkXkrv879wsvy4qVOQXilAA47ww3YOr4Hy44sWyLPRNkd/s1600/rfh3+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh9RrauK9SDBeeWWqs2P3W5hJBi30MwZBsJ6KPZiuZHFWFSFYsQFVxMGb_PxNGptxovApSApRXzjkYix5pqoQ6VWW17dDyLbTXkXkrv879wsvy4qVOQXilAA47ww3YOr4Hy44sWyLPRNkd/s320/rfh3+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">To a much better alternative. At least it will not kick up a cloud of dust; putting me and mine in jeopardy. </div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU0DOUISDCz8BAn5kMYaMaqSg7FIWPK50TWWtQ6Shl3MxIA_I02g_exN_4cxoap-5XMx-O52ikUqTaHtEn921rVTmDuh69SKa1yXxXk4Uj134qpnK4os9L8umngWTv2enR7YoFoMI88V4H/s1600/afh3+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU0DOUISDCz8BAn5kMYaMaqSg7FIWPK50TWWtQ6Shl3MxIA_I02g_exN_4cxoap-5XMx-O52ikUqTaHtEn921rVTmDuh69SKa1yXxXk4Uj134qpnK4os9L8umngWTv2enR7YoFoMI88V4H/s320/afh3+copy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The A2 FH is compromise for me. At least the threaded barrel will allow for each of the GSR owners to attach something that will be better suited for a practical rifle. Again, YMMV. This is one addition to the scout rifle that I believe was a "stick in the eye" to the Guru. But, it's addition to the rifle does not disqualify it as a scout rifle.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The last item that I believe is a dropped ball; the recoil pad. This little gem sticks to any and everything.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-SHhMLEatdj6qPjl-u84jKl1anlkBegzxk69-widlXoz7uOFjx6uiuUbiTNjhxJPJTSzk5azQ4Y4KIj4iJjKxdxej0SUC5hjepHffaUetK94j1QwPji-BphrcqUBVpPoV0z9EKeiQ8dMT/s1600/rgsr5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-SHhMLEatdj6qPjl-u84jKl1anlkBegzxk69-widlXoz7uOFjx6uiuUbiTNjhxJPJTSzk5azQ4Y4KIj4iJjKxdxej0SUC5hjepHffaUetK94j1QwPji-BphrcqUBVpPoV0z9EKeiQ8dMT/s320/rgsr5.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I have tried putting this pad to my shoulder wearing cotton; synthetic; coats and no coats; web gear; shirts and no shirts. It dose not matter; it hangs on everything. A scout/practical/tactical rifle dose not have any place for a recoil pad. Period. It will get you killed or at the very least, cause you to miss that monster buck. The adjustable length of pull using spacers is a good idea; but this system is cheap and cheesy. If Ruger had offered an option of a hard plastic butt plate; I could have lived with the system. But they didn't. From the beginning I was going to replace the spacer system with a large spacer and hard smooth butt plate. To my dismay, I found this once I removed the entire system.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_5V88-AsibyAoZoAG3wTyIJ_9xRBUwNZCZDZ0a1v36ucnH-RMZ2xc0j96-o03BGHrtg-HLOrG7oTKT0DLqS03CNDdVN5XZaTsLxQCigU2JHiN0Iw6MISVi4Qy-gp6Er-DWiFBvFJ7fafG/s1600/rgsr1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_5V88-AsibyAoZoAG3wTyIJ_9xRBUwNZCZDZ0a1v36ucnH-RMZ2xc0j96-o03BGHrtg-HLOrG7oTKT0DLqS03CNDdVN5XZaTsLxQCigU2JHiN0Iw6MISVi4Qy-gp6Er-DWiFBvFJ7fafG/s320/rgsr1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy1yk-btv78RJlZwP5qUO6KytEeerh6hCjG-ox5My1QJtNNXWrILPUYBVHaVggqXSL9T85hR0jkyVhLdzN0-nvnZTdLdS1tNM8DV9FqJMPI4vSqOqt0yy2MPYV72vStRwjbXva1BP0CI19/s1600/rgsr15.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy1yk-btv78RJlZwP5qUO6KytEeerh6hCjG-ox5My1QJtNNXWrILPUYBVHaVggqXSL9T85hR0jkyVhLdzN0-nvnZTdLdS1tNM8DV9FqJMPI4vSqOqt0yy2MPYV72vStRwjbXva1BP0CI19/s320/rgsr15.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">None of the screw or mounting holes line up in a standard fashion; making it difficult to keep the stock in factory condition. Compounding the problem, the spacer system requires large holes to be drilled in the stock; making the use of standard screws nearly impossible. The system is FUBAR for anyone who would like to make changes. Ruger ....... what were you thinking? Another "stick in the eye" of the Guru. Anyway, I'm still going to customize the the stock so it is easier to bring up and down from the shoulder. My GSR will be sporting a 1" hard rubber spacer; followed by........</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">a 3/8" spacer made of "tiger ebony".......</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSb0tlrG_j_sszbegcP_EMSyu-f1M4uvrJNjrRFfCFjJB1T07kq35w4dJOU8kXxQUTDLOXnM_AwxtvMQJoOiasYhiqWxPvJdHo0iIS2nzb7Yg_9Jb25OdJH3G-aOfMAS2Rd0goYrQEyzum/s1600/rgsr8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSb0tlrG_j_sszbegcP_EMSyu-f1M4uvrJNjrRFfCFjJB1T07kq35w4dJOU8kXxQUTDLOXnM_AwxtvMQJoOiasYhiqWxPvJdHo0iIS2nzb7Yg_9Jb25OdJH3G-aOfMAS2Rd0goYrQEyzum/s320/rgsr8.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">and a butt plate of Buffalo horn.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL39fOfkjeSGOP7Ccu9UhwCgzkvvXVYo3c11fClz9Rs2TNNgt5VXgHGiE2d59V4ctQfxXfeVSXgUB4Yic-QdsY5UI0opW97qdU2-Rj19W_H97S2uLh4euyDP1BeLfHH4FklZevZ7GSq2lW/s1600/rgsr9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL39fOfkjeSGOP7Ccu9UhwCgzkvvXVYo3c11fClz9Rs2TNNgt5VXgHGiE2d59V4ctQfxXfeVSXgUB4Yic-QdsY5UI0opW97qdU2-Rj19W_H97S2uLh4euyDP1BeLfHH4FklZevZ7GSq2lW/s320/rgsr9.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I think I'll call my Ruger the, "Buffalo Scout". Pics of the final modifications will be in Part 2. </div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">So there are no confusions; I like the Ruger GSR. I just believe Ruger should have done a bit more homework apart from Gunsite; and talked to a few more scout users. If they had done that, this rifle could have been something truly special. </div></div><div><br />
</div>Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-45170500527280701912011-05-05T19:51:00.001-07:002012-09-06T09:57:58.862-07:00Frameless ALICE Modification "Bobcat"<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Frameless "Bobcat" ALICE Modification</span></div>
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By Rod Teague</div>
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One of the problems I used to encounter when using a med ALICE w/o frame was how the pack would become misshapen after loading and then cinching the top of the ruck.</div>
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This was particularly critical when using the pack over the top of my web gear. The pack would roll around and ultimately something hard in the pack would poke me in the back making the carry difficult and sometimes painful. Heavier loads would also tear the D-rings loose making the ruck unusable w/o the frame. The solution I came up with was very simple and completely eliminated the afore mentioned problems and allowed me to carry the frameless/heavy ALICE ruck comfortably over my web gear.</div>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Step One: Materials</span></div>
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1ea Med ALICE ruck</div>
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1ea 11-11.5" piece of steel tubing(from a broken camp chair.....you know; the folding kind we all use for our kids sporting events and around the camp fire)</div>
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1ea Length of 1" tubular webbing about 14-15"</div>
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1 pair LC2 shoulder straps</div>
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1ea 10"x12" piece of foam padding cut from a USGI sleep pad</div>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Assembling the Bobcat</span></div>
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Cut your piece of steel tubiing to about 11-11.5" and then file the rough ends. Length isn't as important as getting a snug fit.</div>
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Next slip the the steel tube into the 1" webbing letting the ends overlap</div>
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Slip the assembled rod through the bottom of the padded yoke pushing the assembly until it is firmly at the top</div>
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Next, slip the top attachment straps of the LC2's under the tube assembly and through the D-rings</div>
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Cinch the LC2 straps to the top assembly and to the "O" ring attachments at the bottom of the ruck. Your strap/yoke assembly should look like this</div>
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Next, slip the piece of sleep pad into the radio pouch............</div>
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and your Bobcat is ready for action over your web gear.</div>
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This is an excellent modification to use for cub scouts as well. All of my boys have used this mod during their cub years then we simply upgraded to the Hellcat. I'll make another post later, showing the mods for making the Bobcat kid friendly.</div>
Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-16573256572315493272011-05-02T09:53:00.000-07:002011-05-17T20:36:06.390-07:00Ruger GSR Flash hider options<div><div><div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">So I bought the YHM Phantom and was really excited because I wanted a compensator that wouldn't kick up dust while firing prone. When it arrived I thought it had everything I wanted except the thing was a BEAST. Heavy and big. I ordered the Armalite A2 with the intention of sending the YHM back. Well, I decided to take some some pics so that you might be the judge. I like the A2; it is very clean and the smallest profile of the three, and has all the features I'm looking for.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Armalite A2, Ruger FH, YHM Phantom</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Ruger Flash Hider</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTtmiouPhyLZbADcyfo_Y_U5sUZjVyJFq0MGHKkPH5tI3jV6Vfl5gIccPsNGdZMZpFJf_X9T6oCyZpVfiHwwLXgz3M6TBBc1bx14Ac0j45cihZWs1xCaTaOQZ7Dcso8a1xmpZ4rEySxXm6/s1600/rfh1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTtmiouPhyLZbADcyfo_Y_U5sUZjVyJFq0MGHKkPH5tI3jV6Vfl5gIccPsNGdZMZpFJf_X9T6oCyZpVfiHwwLXgz3M6TBBc1bx14Ac0j45cihZWs1xCaTaOQZ7Dcso8a1xmpZ4rEySxXm6/s320/rfh1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Yankee Hill Machine Phantom</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIMmdoJm4avquqNFBVFdEa8qcInypQe-RAxr1XnD_fdJKUHsST6y8PbzjAnie9M-pkoxeMsuoJpRW-R6JzS40nE0iblusyTTC_Nrxu9pCimegzTFSCNwOQoVFXVF53y5pFvpFS1RlgyH81/s1600/yhm1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIMmdoJm4avquqNFBVFdEa8qcInypQe-RAxr1XnD_fdJKUHsST6y8PbzjAnie9M-pkoxeMsuoJpRW-R6JzS40nE0iblusyTTC_Nrxu9pCimegzTFSCNwOQoVFXVF53y5pFvpFS1RlgyH81/s320/yhm1.png" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Armalite A2</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMGXSbEV7TFAshmj9ifhKS1l1IpOZ2QMXIG4bR9yiawCZ0GMPdmIlFD7g1TTD2qbhKbIsLF6yvwrfj2FcbmYcfQ-O10IxBTqev-tZw7U3UUUXR_vgWyo7Xyi5RIrIhLvLFsMpy-ng9meZ/s1600/afh1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOMGXSbEV7TFAshmj9ifhKS1l1IpOZ2QMXIG4bR9yiawCZ0GMPdmIlFD7g1TTD2qbhKbIsLF6yvwrfj2FcbmYcfQ-O10IxBTqev-tZw7U3UUUXR_vgWyo7Xyi5RIrIhLvLFsMpy-ng9meZ/s320/afh1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh19myP7oNoOHSalVL_PG6e3Ya7o0IDxjTcZ8aVdFlSSOxlH1edddCZkdO4hssKugRiqYclAZ0NnldD9Z2Bc-k_xKE_d26fMDEBHjDCPadD9CCP19Vhz8hZJgRtSnqYMWQ36JHJHBYq14AC/s1600/afh3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh19myP7oNoOHSalVL_PG6e3Ya7o0IDxjTcZ8aVdFlSSOxlH1edddCZkdO4hssKugRiqYclAZ0NnldD9Z2Bc-k_xKE_d26fMDEBHjDCPadD9CCP19Vhz8hZJgRtSnqYMWQ36JHJHBYq14AC/s320/afh3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Like I said, I think the Armalite has the cleanest appearance and will lighten the overall weight; while hiding the flash and keeping dust down to minimum. The YHM will probably be the better performer; but I just don't like the size. The Ruger, I hear is a decent flash hider; but will really kick up the dust in prone, while the other two will not.<br />
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Edit: Many of you have requested performance tests of the flash hiders; I have included the A2; YHM Phantom and a bonus, the Smith Enterprise FH; courtesy of YouTube. Sorry no Ruger FH test.<br />
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FYI This is a pic of the Smith Enterprise Vortex<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMukjQ1rHky4tngV4_ykEibDWe2sGGhB2xdTXgHHn1DkoJ8SOKMynqndidIn5q0iIQBxkZgEOuL_IeZLvkEl3ziahrZhPmq1vJOQl-1GPGzy6-fOm3Zt5ktyrATWhBnBZBhVCHiXoMNcii/s1600/711620.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMukjQ1rHky4tngV4_ykEibDWe2sGGhB2xdTXgHHn1DkoJ8SOKMynqndidIn5q0iIQBxkZgEOuL_IeZLvkEl3ziahrZhPmq1vJOQl-1GPGzy6-fOm3Zt5ktyrATWhBnBZBhVCHiXoMNcii/s320/711620.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
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No FH; A2 FH; YHM Phantom; SE Vortex<br />
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No FH; A2 FH; YHM Phantom<br />
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No FH; A2 FH; SE Vortex<br />
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</div></div></div></div>Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-12122561487806894642011-05-02T05:56:00.001-07:002011-05-02T05:59:19.299-07:00Hellcat Fit and Adjustment<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b><br />
</b></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b>Torso Fit and Pack Adjustment Guide</b></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">As promised here is a guide for proper torso fit and pack adjustment. Once you have familiarized your self with torso fit and adjustment guides you will find the Hellcat has ALL the modern adjustments that are common on todays commercial packs. First read these links to REI's backpack adjustment guides</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.rei.com/expertadvice/articles/backpacks+torso+hip+size.html">Finding your torso length and adjustment</a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.rei.com/expertadvice/articles/backpacks+adjusting+fit.html">Adjusting the fit</a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Points of reference for torso adjustment should be the notch ( C-7 ) at the top of the shoulder pads and the midpoint of the hip pad( line of iliac crest). Remember these are just references; but I believe they will get you in the right ball park.</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYd_DMDd89AMQNuj0sFcZRBD_0hMMUwSvtbpDdEMr3WXmmh3zpAgekSOWVFiuZ5IMYdJpzFf8WVHIj9_dmrIwG5veeqlaRR3169u4EdigF5-wEL-CbPajKNhyLCKenMQmpNYRMn6hd_qs/s1600/hcfit1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYd_DMDd89AMQNuj0sFcZRBD_0hMMUwSvtbpDdEMr3WXmmh3zpAgekSOWVFiuZ5IMYdJpzFf8WVHIj9_dmrIwG5veeqlaRR3169u4EdigF5-wEL-CbPajKNhyLCKenMQmpNYRMn6hd_qs/s400/hcfit1.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="301" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI-LD9-Y8YnqdVXHdXc8iz3F81Z9HqlPdeI7BKJRf0PB6q5eVvHLQkb_za8hmSSBktm3PkUdSOLpWWGoy8Y_gBkZBSJFaokBl6R3VIsVD5miBNobnoP72OnXzYqcftErOAlY7ERfxsbRU/s1600/hcfit2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI-LD9-Y8YnqdVXHdXc8iz3F81Z9HqlPdeI7BKJRf0PB6q5eVvHLQkb_za8hmSSBktm3PkUdSOLpWWGoy8Y_gBkZBSJFaokBl6R3VIsVD5miBNobnoP72OnXzYqcftErOAlY7ERfxsbRU/s400/hcfit2.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="300" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAGyqtZHlvrcpQ5gPlTsQufNthg9Duz-wHw6QDOBWpvGO5jlwY_l_AMlM2TDl93k8tWgWiOsvALZgj9vivcB4xSUue9xht_SLOq7G6TS4ccajDOgl0Gj-Z6zzXgkyly8Bj2YKxgxemXos/s1600/hcfit3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAGyqtZHlvrcpQ5gPlTsQufNthg9Duz-wHw6QDOBWpvGO5jlwY_l_AMlM2TDl93k8tWgWiOsvALZgj9vivcB4xSUue9xht_SLOq7G6TS4ccajDOgl0Gj-Z6zzXgkyly8Bj2YKxgxemXos/s400/hcfit3.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Loosen the side and torso attachment straps...you don't have to remove them.....measure your torso length; move the shoulder straps up or down accordingly and retighten the attachment straps. EDIT I have another comment here and I have added a couple of more pics. You must also loosen the load lifters significantly for torso fit. I just recently fit my 10 yo (Webelo II) and his torso length was 14 inches. No surprise it worked fantastic. The bonus for him was we were able to use the second set of side attachment straps and the load sets higher for better balance. The beauty is this adjustment can be reset as he matures, giving him use of the pack well into his adulthood(the Hellcat will probably outlast him)</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBby37ac2iCbCbPkKCbLI2VRWlnXD8GzaukA5dVnJcl0whyVFtv5F8vtwb45OJFMbcxi2PVp-d8qkoyHxzONN4f5VnYvCUdCcMt82EBMsptMZXFIxwX_Pk4gLPM-6fd_-E_Jcq650BBVk/s1600/hcfit4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBby37ac2iCbCbPkKCbLI2VRWlnXD8GzaukA5dVnJcl0whyVFtv5F8vtwb45OJFMbcxi2PVp-d8qkoyHxzONN4f5VnYvCUdCcMt82EBMsptMZXFIxwX_Pk4gLPM-6fd_-E_Jcq650BBVk/s400/hcfit4.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">You should now be fitted for torso length. Readjust load lifters; sternum strap; hip belt and tweak lower adjustment on shoulder strap per the REI guide. The next two pics show the difference in height of shoulder straps and load lifter straps. The top pick is mine set at a torso length of 18 inches; the bottom pic is of my 10 yo's set at o torso length of 14 inches.</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">In case you didn't know these are the parts refered to in the REI article "adjusting the fit"</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Load Lifters</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Sternum strap</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Shoulder strap adjustment</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGIWRDXS-in_MaWzKiR8LUOL0qmHoF6AhvSwqAKGyW3zYmtpSy9yGe-bri7DzmdVH3R5WkhHwdCdP4yNlgXivxSjdrsCRyeTcXeHzOhTbCLprNQGZFjBLVWJRSfiO7f3dew9Guj3hkClY/s1600/hcfit10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGIWRDXS-in_MaWzKiR8LUOL0qmHoF6AhvSwqAKGyW3zYmtpSy9yGe-bri7DzmdVH3R5WkhHwdCdP4yNlgXivxSjdrsCRyeTcXeHzOhTbCLprNQGZFjBLVWJRSfiO7f3dew9Guj3hkClY/s400/hcfit10.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Stabilizer strap.... notice it is not on the kidney belt.... it's the strap I told you not to tighten until the ruck was loaded</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirKPDKjfBc7XAUOibHj_6XlL7AhV0-NZrUmx0j05psb0lSXzH6j7lbPGdNFw-P-Adv2WbEr2jymOCxNrgwpttMHNwt8Y0evqqJYAuPELvu7dRf-RcD5kzLPCG8Uvna96Qps5Y4une_pO8/s1600/hcfit8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirKPDKjfBc7XAUOibHj_6XlL7AhV0-NZrUmx0j05psb0lSXzH6j7lbPGdNFw-P-Adv2WbEr2jymOCxNrgwpttMHNwt8Y0evqqJYAuPELvu7dRf-RcD5kzLPCG8Uvna96Qps5Y4une_pO8/s400/hcfit8.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Quick release... most of us will never use this other than for convenience during assembly/disassembly</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEickuCyKZycxZvF2XnBfmM1WCk4NiX1w7JDO-tmxX79JJZT6r6iAC3DahA9oHRb3zoLYxaNJltCXqU9foHiKNcmcTk6JN9oJyXw7M1sWAqAizgLt-01OUwg9FEjVBRXL750INQ_nT2Bxeg/s1600/hcfit9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEickuCyKZycxZvF2XnBfmM1WCk4NiX1w7JDO-tmxX79JJZT6r6iAC3DahA9oHRb3zoLYxaNJltCXqU9foHiKNcmcTk6JN9oJyXw7M1sWAqAizgLt-01OUwg9FEjVBRXL750INQ_nT2Bxeg/s400/hcfit9.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Now you have it; all the tools for proper fit and load stabilization of your Hellcat.</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Rod Teague</div>Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-12677597922965336892011-04-30T10:32:00.000-07:002013-03-23T11:20:52.170-07:00Building a "Hellcat" Hybrid Ruck from US Mil Surplus<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
Many years ago I began using Alice rucks purchased through surplus stores. My first experience with the ruck was during my service in the Tennessee State Guard. Since that time I have been modifying them for my use as well as my families. I have helped purchase hundreds of Alice rucks for boy/cub scouts, and have built dozens of these hybrid rucks that I have named the "Hellcat". The folowing is the "how to build" that I posted on <a href="http://ar15.com/">ar15.com</a> and the <a href="http://survivalistboards.com/" target="_blank">Survivalist Boards</a> . Utilizing military surplus has been a great way to outfit my family with backpacks and gear we wouldn't otherwise be able to afford. A commercial pack that has the build and quality of the Hellcat will easily cost you $300 to $500; you can assemble this hybrid pack for under $70.</div>
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<b>Assembling the "Hellcat": An ALICE/MOLLE Hybrid Ruck</b></div>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Rod Teague</span></div>
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This is my version of the ALICE/MOLLE hybrid that I call the ALLE Pack or "Hellcat". The ALICE/MOLLE systems are inexpensive, plentiful, solid platforms from which to build a hybrid ruck. Hopefully this post will help you assemble a Hellcat without any difficulty; or maybe give you some additional ideas on how to develop your own hybrid.</div>
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The Hellcat has between 3500 ci (calculated by dimension) and 4000 ci (measured) capacity. 4000 ci and above are generally considered an expedition class pack. Adding the MOLLE sustainment pouches will add an additional 1000 ci (500 ci each) of capacity; and using the large ALICE ruck will give a potential 7500-8000 ci capacity. The hellcat in it's described form below is a legitimate expedition pack before the above additions are added; all for far less money than you will pay for any similar quality commercial pack.</div>
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Lets first start with all the components needed to assemble the Hellcat.</div>
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1. ALICE frame and medium ruck</div>
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2. one set MOLLE shoulder straps</div>
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3. one MOLLE moulded kidney pad</div>
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4. one MOLLE sleep system carrier</div>
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All of these items can be purchased for between $50-$70; even less if you shop around. I have been purchasing most of my surplus at <a href="http://www.gunnyssurplus.com/">www.gunnyssurplus.com</a> here of late. </div>
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NEW UPDATE 4/27/12: A more recent source is <a href="http://tonystactical.com/" target="_blank">Tony's Tactical</a>; Tony is a first rate guy and fellow member on <a href="http://www.survivalistboards.com/" target="_blank">Survivalist Boards</a>. He is an excellent source for hybrid rucks and has extensive experience in their assembly and use.</div>
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<b>Step 1: Inspecting and attaching medium ALICE ruck to the frame</b></div>
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Inspect the frame for cracks and loose rivets; rivets should be tight as well as the joined parts. Repair or replace the frame if it is damaged.</div>
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Slip the medium ruck over the frame</div>
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Loosen the bottom attachment straps on the ruck and slip the strap through the triangular holes created by the kidney brace at the bottom of the frame. DON'T OVER TIGHTEN at this point. You want some play so the ruck can expand properly while loading. Once your pack is loaded then these straps can be tightened.</div>
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<b>STEP 2: Preparing the MOLLE shoulder straps</b></div>
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First start by removing the short attachment strap at the top of the MOLLE straps(they are attached to the load lifter straps); once both are removed set them aside. Keep up with them because you will need them in a few minutes.</div>
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Next inspect and prepare the flat "yoke" portion of the MOLLE straps. There is a long wide strap tacked in the center with a large fastex buckle underneath it; separate the two if they have been fastened together. Next, you will notice two sets of attachment straps running parallel to the yoke. Leave the straps in the buckles of the top set( you will not need these ) but loosen and remove the straps from the bottom set on both sides.</div>
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Next, fold the long center strap up so that it falls over the top of the shoulder straps</div>
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Don't worry about the top set of attachment straps; we'll fold those over and tuck them later in the assembly.</div>
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<b>Step 3: Attaching the MOLLE shoulder straps</b></div>
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Lay the pack down and place the prepped shoulder straps in this approximate position; keeping them centered with the long center strap protruding from the top.</div>
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Next, take the short attachment straps that you had set aside and slip into the fastex buckle from the top. This is the same buckle you just removed them from.</div>
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It should look like this when you are done.</div>
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Now you are going to slip the end of this strap under the top of the frame and thru the slot; then thru the small D ring attachment on the ALICE ruck.</div>
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Now slip it back thru the buckle and back thru again ...... snugging it down. It should look like this when you are finished. Repeat the process for the other shoulder strap.</div>
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Now we begin attaching the long center strap; pull it over the top of the frame and push or tuck the strap down between the frame and the ruck.</div>
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Once you have the strap tucked, lay the pack down so the underside of the frame is exposed.</div>
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This, in my opinion, is where the MOLLE shoulder straps really show their worth. You can now adjust for torso fit and length. Something you could never do with issue straps or after market enhancements. In the pics above I have shown you can have as much as 5 inches of adjustment; so realistically you can adjust for about 15-20 inches of torso length. For now we will go ahead and secure the straps and adjust for torso fit later.</div>
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Adjust the straps so that they are a couple of inches below the top of the frame; as illustrated in the last pic above. Next wrap the strap around the center cross members as shown in the next pics. You can wrap several times; but once is enough. This will make torso fit a little easier.</div>
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Flip up the yoke of the MOLLE straps and feed the long strap thru the buckle and tighten securely.</div>
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Attach the side bottom strap as shown; looping it around the frame and threading thru the buckle; snug down; then do the other side; adjusting so it is centered. Fold and tuck the loose ends.</div>
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Separate the lower portion of the shoulder straps using the quick release mechanism(be carefull at this point; IMO the quick release is the weakest link in the MOLLE system and can be broken if forced open). Once released, take the loop end, and feed thru the round hole on the bottom of the frame; feed from outside to inside. Slip the QR end thru the loop and tighten.</div>
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Reattach the QR end back to the shoulder straps and you are done with attaching the MOLLE straps.</div>
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<b>STEP 4: Attaching the MOLLE kidney belt</b></div>
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First, place the kidney pad as shown to ready it for attachment. THIS IS THE CORRECT POSITION. The hump should go down. Install this pad upside down and you'll kick the Hellcat to the curb; like I almost did two years ago. I put it on upside down because it looked like it belonged that way. Never mind that I could clearly see the MOLLE assembly instructions show the hump goes down. I paid for that bit of arrogance with two bleeding blisters the size of my hand on each side of my butt. Again, HUMP GOES DOWN.</div>
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Next, flip it over to one side and feed the straps thru the metal slot and attach to the buckles; snug the straps down.</div>
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Do not tighten so hard that you deform the belt. There is going to be some play; but under load this has never been a problem. You are now finished attaching the MOLLE kidney belt.</div>
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<b>STEP 5: Attaching the MOLLE sleep system carrier</b></div>
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We are now on the last leg to assembling the Hellcat. First thing to do is stuff a pillow into the ruck so as to give it some shape and offer some resistance while attaching the sleep system. You may want to give the carrier some bulk as well; but this step is optional.</div>
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After you have cinched the top of the ruck, lay it down so you can see the bottom and the two lashing loops. These will be the primary points of attachment to the ruck.</div>
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Next, disconnect the fastex QR buckles on the sleep carrier; remove the male end from the straps and set aside. You will also want to slide the elastic keepers off as well.</div>
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Next, you'll slide the cinch straps out of all their respective "strap loops". Three on each side until your carrier looks like this( top view of the carrier).</div>
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As a point of reference; the lashing loops of the ruck will set between the carrier handle and the rear top strap loops.</div>
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Slide the cinch straps thru the rucks lashing loops and then thru the top rear strap loops of the carrier.</div>
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The sleep system carrier is now attached to the bottom of the ruck; but it's not stable at this point. We now attach it to the frame by running both cinch straps up the back of the ruck and over the cross support of the frame.</div>
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Once you are over the cross support, bring the cinch straps down; threading them thru the slots at the bottom of the frame. Feed them thru the flat side and exit the channel side. Snug them down securely.</div>
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The straps will now wrap around the bottom of the frame; ready to be threaded thru the second set of strap loops.</div>
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Once you've threaded them; snug up to the frame and thread the cinch straps thru the bottom front strap loops. Reattach the male ends of the fastex buckles and slide the elastic keepers back on. I kept mine off.</div>
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Your Hellcat is ready for business; you should have a pack that looks just like one of these.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixpG2yU_4qsDwpI3sh5ZAhmSYWuiQ6NAUeXft9lh3xo4Sp5zLMcBr4Rwzeey2d8-cox6AuWqcsrMGW-YxBAksvsfdxkujn6YOjIq6AQgnM2XUdVNazQW4CDzNsj8kYsY9G97xw3W2BqFc/s1600/alle2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixpG2yU_4qsDwpI3sh5ZAhmSYWuiQ6NAUeXft9lh3xo4Sp5zLMcBr4Rwzeey2d8-cox6AuWqcsrMGW-YxBAksvsfdxkujn6YOjIq6AQgnM2XUdVNazQW4CDzNsj8kYsY9G97xw3W2BqFc/s320/alle2.jpg" style="cursor: move;" /></a><a href="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v87/caneyforkoutfitters/alle3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v87/caneyforkoutfitters/alle3.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="240" /></a></div>
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Hopefully this wasn't too confusing; and like any system, not all these mods may work for you. I have found this particular hybrid to be very forgiving and rock solid; but it it's only as good as the person putting it together. Assemble it using the ALICE and MOLLE components properly, and the Hellcat should take you there and back. My next post on this subject will be a torso fit and adjustment guide for the Hellcat.</div>
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The money that can be saved by building your own pack and can be quite significant; hopefully by using this "how to" you and your family will get many years of enjoyment on the great trails our country has to offer. All for pennies on the dollar. Thanks for looking. Now, go build a Hellcat ......... and build a legacy!</div>
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JB</div>
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Here are a couple of pics of the large ALICE ruck instead of the medium.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivl1jgp4VuM2sRkT25y-Ev52b61C6oxy0ZnOQCLUpgu_E63ZSzN9vbFRoxWSGzhar94OOSwxJOeYAqTUKXFifERN2fNM9bZSV_URInvbv2XtesVOI3Bp_mhgta1lq0Ek0zIuPYHJNNKbi2/s1600/LgHCback.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivl1jgp4VuM2sRkT25y-Ev52b61C6oxy0ZnOQCLUpgu_E63ZSzN9vbFRoxWSGzhar94OOSwxJOeYAqTUKXFifERN2fNM9bZSV_URInvbv2XtesVOI3Bp_mhgta1lq0Ek0zIuPYHJNNKbi2/s320/LgHCback.jpg" width="239" /></a></div>
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Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com34tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-7234751980890071132011-04-21T19:45:00.000-07:002011-10-03T08:50:36.162-07:00Close Inspection of Jeff Coopers Scout Rifle Definition<div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieiWrJDvDiaL4yqLRspNI97wewH_yOvcHO_6vWIESrRCd2Z333xc_ADmfzUVbiq947p34MfW-1cC8FxdCqz2BcWnq7YiNDcK3RcJiQA8RiUUgZJKNidsYdt3Dqv4TJkSYGSLA8qD6BWMEF/s1600/CIMG1035.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieiWrJDvDiaL4yqLRspNI97wewH_yOvcHO_6vWIESrRCd2Z333xc_ADmfzUVbiq947p34MfW-1cC8FxdCqz2BcWnq7YiNDcK3RcJiQA8RiUUgZJKNidsYdt3Dqv4TJkSYGSLA8qD6BWMEF/s320/CIMG1035.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">The dogma and misinterpretation surrounding the definition of the Scout rifle has bothered me for quite some time. So, I felt I needed to give my thoughts and observations regarding the scout concept and how I interpret Coopers beloved rifle. But first, let me toss a few comments out on the "guru" himself.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Jeff Cooper spent his life developing shooters into marksmen. Whether it was a pistol or rifle, Mr. Cooper was dedicated to improving the craft and those who practice it. The "general purpose" or "practical rifle" was but one aspect and he defined it as this:</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>"A general purpose rifle is a conveniently portable, individually operated firearm, capable of striking a single decisive blow, on a live target of up to 200 kilos in weight, at any distance at which the operator can shoot with the precision necessary to place a shot in a vital area of the target."</b> Col. Jeff Cooper <i>" To Ride, Shoot Straight, and Speak the Truth"</i></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Mr. Cooper was not interested in developing your skills for any narrow purpose such as long range, target, tactical, varmint, etc. His efforts were concentrated on developing shooters who could cleanly handle themselves in "all" situations. This definition was the start of a quest to develop the ultimate practical rifle, and the "scout rifle" was, in his mind and others, the perfection of the concept.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I never knew or met Mr. Cooper, so I can only summize his intentions when it appeared his dogma regarding the "scout definition" would violate the principle(s) of his "general purpose rifle" concept. I believe the key lies with Coopers very definition of the scout rifle. Cooper, as we all know was a wordsmith of which few were equal; his definition contains both broad and specifics, which would allow the originator to narrowly define and the practitioner to build a rifle suitable for his/her needs. He was brilliant. In practice, he was generally forgiving and gave legitimacy to various forms of the scout rifle. In word, he kept to his dogma, I suppose out of fear the concept would loose relevance; or out of a need to keep the concept as pure as possible. Either way, it has allowed the scout concept to be discovered and applied by future generations of "riflemen". Again, not sure, and just an observation on my part.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Now, lets move on to the "Scout Rifle" definition and my observations.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Weight-sighted and slung: 3 kilograms (6.6 lb). This has been set as the ideal weight but the maximum has been stated as being 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lb).</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Surprisingly there is considerable wiggle room in the weight of the rifle. Here the words "set" "ideal" and "stated" are used. The word "set" denotes finality and "ideal" relates to perfection or "to attain". It means the rifle "can" weigh less or it "can" weigh more. But, the "ideal weight" will always be 6.6 lb; it is set. In order to keep the weight from getting to far from the ideal he "states" a maximum weight of 7.7 lb. A statement has no finality. It is merely what a person "says". A statement can be changed for further clarification; and Cooper did just that concerning the weight of his Steyr Scout. Essentially we really do not have a maximum weight by Coopers own definition. I believe this was Coopers way of keeping some level of control so weight would not stray to far from "ideal". Brilliant. </div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">So, what we have is a "ideal weight range" of between 6.6 lb - 7.7 lb that allows the rifle to weigh a little more or less outside the "ideal range".</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Length: one meter (39 inches)</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">This is the only specification of the Scout concept or definition that is set. Not much to discuss here. I find it odd that the length is the spec few give much regard to. Most agree it shouldn't be longer, but if it is a little shorter I see no purists shouting "it ain't a scout". I figure it's because it's harder to make "length" rhyme with "fate".</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Nominal barrel length: 0.48 meter (19 inches)</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Cooper uses "nominal" twice in his definition. Nominal is quite possibly the most ambiguous word in the english language. It can be minimal, small, figurative, less than, meaningless, inconsequential, etc. Examples in use would include "The club has a nominal fee for entry"; "The candidate for office is a nominal choice"; "The queen of England is a nominal head of state". You notice Cooper did not use the word "ideal" here. That is because barrel length actually effects performance. I am sure barrel length was a hotly debated topic and I assume that most in the conference followed the 1980's conventional wisdom that barrels should be no less than 20" in length. Cooper was less dogmatic about barrel length; but was more concerned with practical results. I personally believe 19" was a compromise and his choice of "nominal" allows the barrel to be a little shorter or longer than 19" and most cases to err towards longer. Currently we know that shorter barrels do not effect practical results in a defensive rifle. So Cooper was yet brilliant again. 19" is "nominal"</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Sighting system: Typically a forward and low mounted (ahead of the action opening) long eye relief telescope of between 2x and 3x. Reserve iron sights desirable but not necessary. Iron sights of the ghost ring type, without a scope also qualify, as does a low powered conventional position scope.</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I am going suggest you read the above carefully. There are a lot of options here. As I understand it, the rifle can have a forward or conventionally mounted scope with or without iron sights. If you choose to have reserve iron sights there is no specification as to what type; you choose. If you do not want a scope on your scout it will qualify for a scout if it uses ghost ring aperture sights. If you use a telescope it should be of low power. Forward mounted scopes typically being 2x to 3x(fixed assumed); traditional mounted scopes of low power(low power is generally considered 1x to 4x fixed) Notice there is no mention of variable in the definition. In the 1980's low powered variables were few in number and Cooper considered a variable scope, because of it's typical high end magnification, a liability for dangerous game and self defense. But things have changed. Low powered variables are pouring into the market as well as red dot, illuminated reticle and holographic sights. By Coopers open ended definition and his use of the word "typically" any of these sight options and in various combinations would qualify on a scout as long as the magnification does not exceed the accepted low range of 1x-4x(this is assumed). Cooper again was brilliant in his choice of words because he knew technology would change and was seeing it evolve shortly before his death.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Action: Magazine fed bolt action. Detachable box magazine and or stripper clip charging is desirable but not necessary</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Notice, short or long action is not specified; we assume it should be a short action because Cooper preferred them and it was easier to make ideal weight. Detachable box mag's and striper clips are not required, nor is a magazine cut off. We make too many assumptions regarding action. The only requirement is that it be a magazine fed bolt action.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Sling: Fast loop-up type, ie Ching or CW style.</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Many assumptions made here. Just because Cooper gave 2 examples does not mean these are the only choices for a quick loop up style sling. It also doesn't mean a scout rifle has to have 3 sling swivels. A Ching requires 3 but a CW uses 2; one at the forend and one just in front of the magazine well. I personally can think of at least 5 to 6 more "quick loop" style slings that I like much better than the the Ching or CW; and they only require 2 sling mounts. My personal favorites are the Allen slide loop nylon sling and the Hunt sling made of leather. In my opinion they are faster; easily adjustable and won't hang up on brush when carrying the rifle off the shoulder. These two slings were not available when Cooper put the conference together; he just preferred the Ching and CW. Only requirement here is a fast loop style sling and enough sling swivels to make it work.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Caliber: Nominally .308 Winchester(7.62x51). Calibers such as 7mm-08 Remington(7x51mm) or .243 Winchester(6x51mm) being considered for frail individuals or where "military" calibers are proscribed</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">There's that word "nominally" again. Cooper preached the .308 and short action because he felt it was the best overall combination to achieve scout rifle specs and effectiveness. But the definition does not require it. I believe in this case Cooper wanted the smallest most effective family of medium range cartridges available. Nominally here refers to the .308 family. You ask how can you say that? because just after".308 Winchester" he gives two examples in the cartridge family that denote "range". He also uses the phrase "such as" which is the equivalent to "for example". This leaves all cartridges below .243x51 out; and those cartridges above it as viable alternatives for the scout rifle. This would include long action medium range cartridges as well. Cooper knew the .308; although widely distributed thru out the world; is not available every where. Cooper couldn't tell a Swedish or Norwegian citizen that they really can't have a scout rifle because the most plentiful ammo available is either 6.5x55 or 7.62x54. I don't believe we have that right either. So, from Coopers designed choice of ambiguous language, cartridges greater than .243 Win and up are good to go. Even Cooper's own rhetoric did not completely limit the scout to only three cartridges; he preached it in order to keep the purity of the concept; but practically, he changed it when it suited him. I think "Lion Scout" comes to mind.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Built in bipod: desirable but not mandatory</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Enough said, I'll move on.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><b>Accuracy: should be capable of shooting into 2 minutes of angle or less(4") at 200 yards/meters (3 shot groups)</b></div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Accuracy for the scout is a practical issue and does not require sub moa. Although, most of us desire a rifle more capable of 2 moa just for bragging rights. I just want to remind everyone that tack driving is not required of a scout rifle.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
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</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">Couple of other features or lack of them that are not required of a scout rifle.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">1. Synthetic stock; you mean it's not in there! yup. Cooper preferred them but it's not required.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">2. Threaded barrel and flashhider; yes Virginia, there is a santa clause; and there will be a sound suppressor under the tree for your GSR. Cooper had no use for any of them; but by definition they can be included.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">3. Magazine cut-off; nope still not there.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">4. The list could get long so I'll stop.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><br />
</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">I hope many of you will see my point. We tend to be far more dogmatic than we should regarding what does or does not make a scout rifle. I find it interesting that Cooper preached a narrow scout definition while alive; but chose to leave the characteristics of the scout as a concept. I say again, the man was brilliant.</div><div style="font: 12.0px Helvetica; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><br />
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</div></div>Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-44845772744825641862011-04-16T11:40:00.000-07:002011-04-16T15:06:38.445-07:00Defining Adversaries<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">In the coming weeks I will be talking about various religious and political philosophies and their effect(s) on our country, society, economy and families. What I have come to realize is that many of you may not be familiar with the names or the basic tenants of some of these philosophies. This article will define each of these, according to Webster's dictionary, and in the case of several; according to their own literature. This is not meant as a exhaustive explanation; but merely a rudimentary definition so that you may see the similarities and even some differences between them. Look at this as a "guide" or "reference" as we muddle through the secular forces that are trying to shape our world.</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Marxism</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 20px;"><br />
</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>Marx·ism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('marxis01', 'Marxism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of Marxism" type="button" /></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>märk-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>si-zəm\</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1887</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> the political, economic, and social principles and policies advocated by Marx; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">especially</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a theory and practice of socialism including the labor theory of value, dialectical materialism, the class struggle, and dictatorship of the proletariat until the establishment of a classless society</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Marx·ist</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('marxis02', 'Marxist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of Marxist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-sist\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun or adjective</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>Marx·ism–Le·nin·ism</b></span> Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>märk-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>si-zəm-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>le-nə-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>ni-zəm\</span></span></div></div></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"><div class="word_definition" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div class="wordclick" id="wordclickDiv" onmousemove="this.style.cursor = typeof(mw) != 'undefined' && typeof(mw.wordclick) != 'undefined' && mw.wordclick.isEnabled() ? 'url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/wordclick.cur), help' : 'default';" style="cursor: default; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div id="mwEntryData" mwref:hw="Marxism-Leninism" mwref:subj-code="GV" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" xmlns:mwref="http://www.m-w.com/mwref"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1929</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a theory and practice of communism developed by Lenin from doctrines of Marx</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Marx·ist–Len·in·ist</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('marxis04', 'Marxist-Leninist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of Marxist–Leninist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>märk-sist-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>le-nə-nist\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun or adjective</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Communism</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b></b></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b></b></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b></b></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b></b></div><b></b><br />
<b><div class="word_definition" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div class="wordclick" id="wordclickDiv" onmousemove="this.style.cursor = typeof(mw) != 'undefined' && typeof(mw.wordclick) != 'undefined' && mw.wordclick.isEnabled() ? 'url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/wordclick.cur), help' : 'default';" style="cursor: default; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div id="mwEntryData" mwref:hw="communism" mwref:subj-code="EC-1#GV-1#GV-2#PH-2" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" xmlns:mwref="http://www.m-w.com/mwref"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>com·mu·nism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('commun24', 'communism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of communism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>käm-yə-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>ni-zəm, -yü-\</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Etymology: French <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">communisme,</span> from <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">commun</span> common</div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1840</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1 a</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a theory advocating elimination of private property <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">b</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a system in which goods are owned in common and are available to all as needed</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">capitalized</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">a</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a doctrine based on revolutionary Marxian socialism and Marxism-Leninism that was the official ideology of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">b</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a totalitarian system of government in which a single authoritarian party controls state-owned means of production <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">c</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a final stage of society in Marxist theory in which the state has withered away and economic goods are distributed equitably <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">d</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> communist systems collectively</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Socialism</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"> <span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>so·cial·ism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('social02', 'socialism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of socialism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>sō-shə-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>li-zəm\</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1837</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> any of various economic and political theories advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2 a</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a system of society or group living in which there is no private property <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">b</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">3</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a stage of society in Marxist theory transitional between capitalism and communism and distinguished by unequal distribution of goods and pay according to work done</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif;"><b>guild socialism</b></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1912</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> an early 20th century English socialistic theory advocating state ownership of industry with control and management by guilds of workers </div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>national socialism</b></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Usage: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">often capitalized N&amp;S</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1931</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> <a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nazism" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">nazism</a></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">national socialist</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">adjective</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">often capitalized N&amp;S </span></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal;"><div class="word_definition" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div class="wordclick" id="wordclickDiv" onmousemove="this.style.cursor = typeof(mw) != 'undefined' && typeof(mw.wordclick) != 'undefined' && mw.wordclick.isEnabled() ? 'url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/wordclick.cur), help' : 'default';" style="cursor: default; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div id="mwEntryData" mwref:hw="Nazism" mwref:subj-code="GV#SY#EC" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" xmlns:mwref="http://www.m-w.com/mwref"><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>nät-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>si-zəm, <span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>nat-\Variant(s): also <span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>Na·zi·ism</b></span><b> </b><input class="au" onclick="return au('nazism02', 'Naziism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of Naziism" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-sē-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>i-zəm\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Etymology: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Nazi</span> + <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">-ism</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1934</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> the body of political and economic doctrines held and put into effect by the Nazis in Germany from 1933 to 1945 including the totalitarian principle of<a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nazism#" itxtdid="16902571" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank">government</a>, predominance of especially Germanic groups assumed to be racially superior, and supremacy of the führer</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>state socialism</b></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1879</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> an economic system with limited socialist characteristics that is effected by gradual state action and typically includes public ownership of major industries and remedial measures to benefit the working class</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>utopian socialism</b></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: circa 1923</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> socialism based on a belief that social ownership of the means of production can be achieved by voluntary and peaceful surrender of their holdings by propertied groups</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">utopian socialist</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Collectivism</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>col·lec·tiv·ism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('collec09', 'collectivism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of collectivism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\kə-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>lek-ti-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>vi-zəm\</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1857</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a political or <a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collectivism#" itxtdid="17354424" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: dotted !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none !important;" target="_blank">economic <nobr id="itxt_nobr_0_0" style="color: darkgreen; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">theory<img name="itxt-icon-77" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/2_bing.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: move; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 10px; left: 1px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; top: 1px; width: 10px;" /></nobr></a> advocating <a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collective" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">collective</a> control especially over production and <a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collectivism#" itxtdid="15004276" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank">distribution</a>; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">also</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> a system marked by such control</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> emphasis on <a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collective" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">collective</a> rather than individual action or identity</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">col·lec·tiv·ist</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('collec10', 'collectivist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of collectivist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-vist\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">adjective or noun</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">col·lec·tiv·is·tic</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('collec11', 'collectivistic');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of collectivistic" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>lek-ti-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>vis-tik\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">adjective</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">col·lec·tiv·is·ti·cal·ly</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('collec12', 'collectivistically');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of collectivistically" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-ti-k(ə-)lē\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">adverb</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Statism</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>stat·ism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('statis01', 'statism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of statism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>stā-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>ti-zəm\</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1919</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> concentration of economic controls and planning in the hands of a highly centralized government often extending to government ownership of industry</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;">Progressivism</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><b>: </b><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><b>pro·gres·siv·ism</b></span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('progre06', 'progressivism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of progressivism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Pronunciation: <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\prə-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>gre-si-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>vi-zəm\</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Function: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Date: 1892</div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> the principles, beliefs, or practices of <a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressives" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">progressives</a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">capitalized</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> the political and economic doctrines advocated by the Progressives</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">3</span> <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">:</span> the theories of <a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressive" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">progressive</a> education</div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">pro·gres·siv·ist</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('progre07', 'progressivist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of progressivist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-vist\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">noun or adjective</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">— <span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">pro·gres·siv·is·tic</span> <input class="au" onclick="return au('progre08', 'progressivistic');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of progressivistic" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">\-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˌ</span>gre-si-<span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">ˈ</span>vis-tik\</span> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">adjective</span></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><i></i></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><i></i></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><i></i></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><i></i></div><i></i><br />
<i><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><sup style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 9px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: text-top;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><b>pro-gre-ssive</b></span></span></sup></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('progre05', 'progressive');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of 1progressive" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\prə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">gre-sive</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: circa 1612</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1 a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of, relating to, or characterized by </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progress" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">progress</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> making use of or interested in new ideas, findings, or opportunities </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">c</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of, relating to, or constituting an</span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressive#" itxtdid="17145553" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">educational</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> theory marked by emphasis on the individual child, informality of classroom procedure, and encouragement of self-expression</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of, relating to, or characterized by </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progression" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">progression</span></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">3</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> moving forward or onward </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/advancing" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">advancing</span></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">4 a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> increasing in extent or severity </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7197009839381866804&postID=7580966334278024882" progressive =""></a></span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressive#" itxtdid="17141870" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">disease</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">&gt;</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> increasing in rate as the base increases </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7197009839381866804&postID=7580966334278024882" progressive="" tax=""></a></span></span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7197009839381866804&postID=7580966334278024882" progressive="" tax=""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" /></span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">5</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">often capitalized</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of or relating to political Progressives</span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">6</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of, relating to, or constituting a verb form that expresses action or state in </span></a><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progress" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">progress</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> at the time of speaking or a time spoken of</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">7</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of, relating to, or being a multifocal lens with a gradual transition between focal lengths</span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><progressive bifocals=""></progressive></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">8</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> or, relating to, or using a method of video scanning (as for television or a computer monitor) in which the horizontal lines of each frame are drawn successively from top to bottom — compare </span><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interlaced" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">interlaced</span></a></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><sup style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 9px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: text-top;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;"><b>pro-gre-ssive</b></span></span></sup></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1846</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1 a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> one that is progressive </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> one believing in moderate political change and especially social improvement by governmental action</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">capitalized</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a member of any of various United States </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressives#" itxtdid="17397174" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: dotted !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">political </span><nobr id="itxt_nobr_2_0" style="color: darkgreen; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">parties</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><img name="itxt-icon-77" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/2_bing.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: move; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 10px; left: 1px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; top: 1px; width: 10px;" /></span></nobr></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">: as </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a member of a predominantly agrarian minor party that around 1912 split off from the Republicans; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">specifically</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bull+moose" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">bull moose</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a follower of Robert M. La Follette in the </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/progressives#" itxtdid="17395669" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: dotted !important; border-bottom-width: 1px !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">presidential </span><nobr id="itxt_nobr_4_0" style="color: darkgreen; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">campaign</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><img name="itxt-icon-77" src="http://images.intellitxt.com/ast/adTypes/2_bing.gif" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: move; display: inline !important; float: none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 10px; left: 1px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; top: 1px; width: 10px;" /></span></nobr></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of 1924 </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">c</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a follower of Henry A. Wallace in the presidential campaign of 1948</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Progressive Conservative</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1944</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of or relating to a major political party in Canada traditionally advocating economic nationalism and close ties with the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Nations</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Fascism</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>fas·cism</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('fascis01', 'fascism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of fascism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fa-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">shi-zəm </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">also</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fa-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">si-\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Etymology: Italian </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fascismo,</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> from </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fascio</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> bundle, fasces, group, from Latin </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fascis</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> bundle &amp; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fasces</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> fasces</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1921</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">often capitalized</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a political philosophy, movement, or regime (as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fascism#" itxtdid="16923669" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">government</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a tendency toward or actual </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fascism#" itxtdid="7379794" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">exercise</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> of strong autocratic or dictatorial control </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><early aldridge="" and="" army="" brutality="" fascism="" instances="" j.="" of="" w.="" —=""></early></span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fas·cist</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('fascis02', 'fascist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of fascist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-shist </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">also</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> -sist\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun or adjective</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">often capitalized</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fas·cis·tic</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('fascis03', 'fascistic');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of fascistic" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\fa-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">shis-tik </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">also</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> -</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">sis-\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">often capitalized</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">fas·cis·ti·cal·ly</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('fascis04', 'fascistically');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of fascistically" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-ti-k(ə-)lē\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adverb</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">often capitalized</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Totalitarianism</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>to·tal·i·tar·i·an·ism</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('totali04', 'totalitarianism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of totalitarianism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\(</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">)tō-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ta-lə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ter-ē-ə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ni-zəm\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1926</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> centralized control by an autocratic authority</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> the political concept that the citizen should be totally subject to an absolute state authority</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Tyranny</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>tyr·an·ny</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('tyrann10', 'tyranny');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of tyranny" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tir-ə-nē\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Inflected Form(s): </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">plural</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tyr·an·nies</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Etymology: Middle English </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tyrannie,</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> from Middle French, from Medieval Latin </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tyrannia,</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> from Latin </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tyrannus</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> tyrant</span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 14th century</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> oppressive power </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><every form="" jefferson="" man="" mind="" of="" over="" the="" thomas="" tyranny="" —=""></every></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">especially</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> oppressive power exerted by </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tyranny#" itxtdid="16923669" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">government</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><the a="" of="" police="" state="" tyranny=""></the></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2 a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a government in which absolute power is </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tyranny#" itxtdid="16383330" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">vested</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> in a single ruler; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">especially</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> one characteristic of an ancient Greek city-state </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> the office, authority, and administration of a tyrant</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">3</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a rigorous condition imposed by some outside agency or force </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><living clock="" dixon="" of="" the="" tyranny="" under="" wecter="" —=""></living></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">4</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a tyrannical act </span><span class="vi" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><workers had="" suffered ="" who=""><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">tyrannies</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">&gt;</span></workers></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Liberation Theology</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>liberation theology</b></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1972</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a religious movement especially among Roman Catholic clergy in Latin America that combines political philosophy usually of a Marxist orientation with a theology of salvation as liberation from injustice</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">liberation theologian</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><br />
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<div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Humanism</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>hu·man·ism</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('humani01', 'humanism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of humanism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">hyü-mə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ni-zəm, </span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">yü-\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1832</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1 a</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> devotion to the humanities </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> literary culture </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> the revival of classical letters, individualistic and critical </span><a class="iAs" classname="iAs" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/humanism#" itxtdid="17039368" style="background-color: transparent !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; border-bottom-style: solid !important; border-bottom-width: 0.075em !important; color: rgb(0, 100, 0) !important; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal !important; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 1px !important; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline !important;" target="_blank"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">spirit</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">, and emphasis on secular concerns characteristic of the Renaissance</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/humanitarianism" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">humanitarianism</span></a></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">3</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a doctrine, attitude, or way of life centered on human interests or values; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">especially</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a philosophy that usually rejects supernaturalism and stresses an individual's dignity and worth and capacity for self-realization through reason</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">hu·man·ist</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('humani02', 'humanist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of humanist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-nist\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun or adjective</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">hu·man·is·tic</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('humani03', 'humanistic');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of humanistic" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">hyü-mə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">nis-tik, </span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">yü-\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">hu·man·is·ti·cal·ly</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('humani04', 'humanistically');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of humanistically" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-ti-k(ə-)lē\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adverb</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><i></i><br />
<i></i><br />
<i><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>secular humanism</b></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1933</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/humanism" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: small-caps; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">humanism</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> 3; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">especially</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> humanistic philosophy viewed as a nontheistic religion antagonistic to traditional religion</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">secular humanist</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun or adjective</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Secularism</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><b>sec·u·lar·ism</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('secula04', 'secularism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of secularism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">se-kyə-lə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ri-zəm\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1851</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> indifference to or rejection or exclusion of religion and religious considerations</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">sec·u·lar·ist</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('secula05', 'secularist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of secularist" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-rist\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">—</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">secularist</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> also </span><span style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">sec·u·lar·is·tic</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('secula06', 'secularistic');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of secularistic" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">se-kyə-lə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ris-tik\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><i><br />
</i></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Paganism</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">pa·gan·ism</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('pagani01', 'paganism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of paganism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">pā-gə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ni-zəm\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 15th century</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1 a</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> pagan beliefs or practices </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">b</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a pagan religion</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> the quality or state of being a pagan</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">neo–pa·gan</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('neopa01v', 'neo-pagan');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of neo–pagan" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">pā-gən\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1869</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a person who practices a contemporary form of paganism (as Wicca)</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">neo–pagan</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">adjective</span></span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">— </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">neo–pa·gan·ism</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('neopa02v', 'neo-paganism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of neo–paganism" type="button" /> <span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">pā-gə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ni-zəm\</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><br />
</div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large; font-style: normal;">Environmentalism</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large; font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large; font-style: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></span></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">en·vi·ron·men·tal·ism</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('enviro07', 'environmentalism');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of environmentalism" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">vī-rə(n)-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˈ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">men-tə-</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">li-zəm, -</span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: 'lucida sans unicode'; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">ˌ</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">vī(-ə)r(n)-\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: circa 1922</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> a theory that views </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/environment" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">environment</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> rather than heredity as the important factor in the development and especially the cultural and intellectual development of an individual or group</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> advocacy of the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the natural </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/environment" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">environment</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">; </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">especially</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> the movement to control pollution</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">en·vi·ron·men·tal·ist</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><input class="au" onclick="return au('enviro08', 'environmentalist');" style="-webkit-background-clip: initial; -webkit-background-origin: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(http://www.merriam-webster.com/images/audio.gif); background-position: 0% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; cursor: pointer; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; height: 11px; margin-bottom: 4px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 16px;" title="Listen to the pronunciation of environmentalist" type="button" /></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Pronunciation: </span><span class="pr" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">\-tə-ləst\</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Function: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">noun</span></span></div></div><div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Date: 1916</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">1</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> an advocate of </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/environmentalism" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">environmentalism</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" /></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">2</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> </span><strong style="color: black; font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 0.9em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">:</span></strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> one concerned about </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/environmental" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">environmental</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> quality especially of the human </span><a class="formulaic" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/environment" style="color: #23508a; font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">environment</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"> with respect to the control of pollution</span></div></div><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="d" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="r" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', 'Times Serif', serif; font-size: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-style: normal;">Read these definitions and become familiar with them. I will be offering insight in the coming weeks, on how you might recognize these philosophies in your politicians, teachers, clergy, government, education and churches. Many of these philosophies are insidious and on the surface appear harmless. Accepting these at any level puts all of institutions at risk. In fact, we have already been co-opted at almost every level. It is time to expose and root them out because they offer no liberty or salvation; only oppression and slavery of the worst kind.</span></div></div></i></i></div></div></div></span></div></div></div></b></div></div></div></span></span>Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8334652433912082624.post-22244997014166238792011-04-16T11:34:00.000-07:002011-04-16T11:34:35.195-07:00Just startingMy intent is to start a blog that addresses the political forces that are shaping our country and the destructive power they impose on our freedom. Please join me.Rod Teaguehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16025362243759249460noreply@blogger.com0